Preheat the oven to 425°F.
Add the bell peppers, leeks, and garlic to a large baking dish. Pour in the oil and toss until the vegetables are well coated.
Roast for 45 minutes to 1 hour, until the vegetables are very soft and beginning to caramelize.
About 10 minutes before the vegetables are done, bring a large pot of well-salted water to a boil.
Let the roasted vegetables cool for about 5 minutes, then carefully transfer them — along with the oil they cooked in — to a blender or food processor. Leave space for steam to escape and blend until completely smooth.
Cook the pasta until al dente according to package instructions. Reserve 2 cups of the pasta cooking water, then drain.
In a large saucepan over medium heat, add the butter and red pepper flakes. Cook for about 2 minutes, until the butter is melted and fragrant.
Add the blended red pepper and leek sauce to the pan and stir to combine. Season generously with salt.
Add the cooked pasta to the sauce and stir vigorously, adding reserved pasta water ¼ cup at a time, until the sauce is glossy and coats the pasta evenly.
Divide among bowls and serve immediately.